Over the Past Decade, the Prevalent Use of Antibiotics as a Prophylactic Agent: Microbiology Assignment, NUI
| University | National University of Ireland (NUI) |
| Subject | Microbiology |
Sustainable alternatives to antibiotics in aquaculture: prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics
Over the past decade, the prevalent use of antibiotics as a prophylactic agent and to control infections in aquaculture has led to the development of antibiotic-resistant microbes. This has made it difficult or even impossible to treat disease outbreaks on farms. Furthermore, antibiotic agents can disturb the indigenous microbiota that is normally beneficial to the farmed animal host and thus negatively impact animal growth, welfare, and health. Thus, contemporary aquaculture looks for more sustainable biological approaches to prevent and treat disease outbreaks through methods such as prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics. But what are they?
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Probiotics are live microorganisms (or preparation) that are designed to contribute to the host-microbial community and thus benefit the overall animal health. They compete with pathogenic microorganisms and help the host to resist infections. They also contribute to animal nutrition and benefit the immune response. While prebiotics is the substrates used to selectively enrich and stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial microorganisms. Finally, synbiotics are the combination of both, aiming at creating a synergistic effect.
This project is an in-depth review focused on addressing the following questions:
- What is the importance of a balanced microbiota?
- What are the main probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics candidates to be used in fish and crustacean aquaculture?
- How do these products act? What are the modes of action?
- Can we use them as a preventive management tool? And as a treatment?
- How can we administer these products? Is there any difference?
- What are its advantages? And disadvantages?
- What should we take into consideration when choosing a probiotic? And a prebiotic and synbiotic?
- Do they help to control bacterial diseases? And viral diseases?
- What is the international legislation surrounding probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics?
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